The Iranian Foreign Minister, Abbas Araghchi, arrived in Moscow this Monday after a weekend marked by intense diplomatic activity that first took him to Islamabad (Pakistan), after a brief stopover in Oman, amid doubts about new possible negotiations with the United States to end the war.
The movement occurs in a scenario of high uncertainty, in which the current ceasefire is maintained in a fragile way and conditioned on advances that have not yet materialized.
The situation remains blocked since Washington extended the temporary truce without clear deadlines, demanding Tehran present a "unified proposal" that allows dialogue to resume.
In that context, Iranian agencies assure that said proposal would have already been transmitted to the United States, through the usual intermediaries of dialogue -Pakistan-, through a three-phase plan.
First phase
According to these agencies, which cite Lebanese media such as Al Mayadeen, a television channel close to Iran's political orbit, the proposal is structured in three clearly differentiated phases and conditions any progress in the nuclear dialogue on the results of the first two stages.
The first would be focused exclusively on the end of hostilities, including guarantees to prevent a resumption of the conflict not only in Iran, but also in Lebanon.
In this phase, Tehran would not accept addressing any other issue, which marks one of the main red lines of the Iranian approach.
The Strait of Hormuz
The second stage would focus on the management of the Strait of Hormuz, a maritime route that runs through the Persian Gulf and through which more than 20% of the world's crude oil circulates.
Iran proposes a new system of regulation and coordination, in which it would play a key role alongside Oman, a riparian country in the area.
This proposal is part of Iranian plans to establish control mechanisms and possible tolls for maritime traffic, a measure that has already generated international concern over its impact on global energy trade and adds tension to an already highly sensitive point.
The Iranian nuclear program, a hot spot in negotiations
The third phase would leave the debate on the Iranian nuclear program, the main point of friction with Washington, for the end.
The United States insists that this is the core of the conflict and demands strict measures, such as the limitation of uranium enrichment, the supervision of material already accumulated by Iran, and long-term verifiable commitments.
Tehran, for its part, would show itself willing only to a temporary pause in enrichment, while the US administration demands much longer periods of restriction, which keeps the disagreement at levels that are difficult to reconcile.