Aelmhu recognizes the work of those who drive advances in rare diseases in the eighth edition of its awards

Beatriz Perales, president of the association, defends the need to improve evaluation and funding procedures and keep rare diseases on the political agenda

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The Spanish Association of Orphan and Ultra-Orphan Drug Laboratories (Aelmhu) has called for the need to advance toward a regulatory framework that takes into account the particularities of these treatments and facilitates patients’ access to innovation. This was pointed out by its president, Beatriz Perales, during the opening of the eighth edition of the awards of the association, a particularly significant event because it coincides with the organization’s 15 years of activity.

“Our priority is to advance toward a regulatory framework and evaluation and financing procedures that recognize the particularities of orphan and ultra-orphan medicines,” Perales said, who defended the application of the principle of regulatory proportionality to adjust the requirements to the characteristics of these treatments.

The president of Aelmhu recalled that the development of new therapeutic options requires years of research and investment and underscored the importance of ensuring that that effort translates into real opportunities for people living with rare diseases. “Researching and developing new therapeutic options is essential. Ensuring that they reach those who need them is the goal that gives meaning to this effort,” she noted.

The award for the best care project on rare diseases went to ‘ACROFAST: a new personalized medicine care model for patients with acromegaly’, from the Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER)

Dr. Carmen Ayuso García has been recognized with the award for the best research professional career for her decades-long contribution to knowledge of rare diseases, both from genetic research and from the coordination of national and international projects.

The prize for the best outreach and/or awareness project on rare diseases went to the campaign ‘El Viaje de Nica’, an initiative that seeks to raise awareness of the consequences of diagnostic delay and promote equitable access to advanced genomic diagnosis.

In the category of best communication work, outreach and/or awareness on rare diseases, the award went to nurse Pedro Soriano, for his work in health outreach through digital media and social networks.

Finally, the Honorary Award, granted by the companies associated with AELMHU, has gone to Red ÚNICAS, driven by the Interterritorial Council of the National Health System, in recognition of its contribution to the development of a model of care for people with rare diseases based on coordination among 30 reference centers, health professionals, researchers, and patient associations.

The anniversary celebration has also served to review the evolution of the association since its creation, when three companies decided to join their efforts to give visibility to rare diseases and promote research and the development of treatments. Fifteen years later, Aelmhu has 29 associated companies, an evolution that, according to Perales, has expanded its capacity for dialogue, analysis, and collaboration.

The president of Aelmhu has thanked the involvement of the associated companies, the working groups, the board of directors, and the technical team, as well as the work of the people who have contributed to the growth of the organization. She has also recognized the work of the awards jury, whose task is becoming increasingly complex because of the increase in the number of nominations and the quality of the projects submitted.

Access to treatments, on the political agenda

Perales has highlighted that, during the last year, Aelmhu has strengthened dialogue with the health administrations and representatives of the legislative sphere, in addition to participating in the main regulatory debates and in initiatives aimed at promoting innovation and improving access to treatments.

In this context, she has thanked the Ministry of Health and other ministerial departments for their willingness to maintain spaces for collaboration, among them the Mixed Group of the Pharmaceutical Industry Strategy. The association considers that this dialogue is essential to address the pending challenges and to help Spain maintain its attractiveness for the arrival of companies and investments linked to the development of medicines for rare diseases.

The president has also explained that the organization has presented proposals for the next legislature with the aim of keeping these conditions among the priorities of the public agenda in view of the prospect of a new electoral cycle.

The initiative seeks to contribute to the political debate with measures that make it possible to consolidate a broad and lasting commitment to affected people. For Aelmhu, the continuity of public policies is especially important in an area in which research requires prolonged investments and patients’ needs remain high.

The association has also reinforced its work of analysis and knowledge generation through reports on the situation of orphan drugs in Spain. These works make it possible to identify progress, detect barriers, and formulate proposals to improve access to therapies.

Added to this is the presentation of an overview of employment in the specialized pharmaceutical sector in rare diseases, which highlights its contribution to the creation of qualified jobs, the attraction of talent, and industrial competitiveness.

Alliances to improve patient care

Another of the axes highlighted by Perales has been collaboration with patient associations, academic institutions, and professional organizations. The president has argued that the response to the challenges of rare diseases requires listening to all the actors involved and making use of their capabilities.

As an example, she cited the project promoted together with the Federación Española de Enfermedades Raras (Feder) to improve the transition from pediatric to adult care for people with these conditions. The initiative also has the participation of scientific societies and the Ministry of Health.

The move from pediatric to adult services constitutes a particularly delicate stage for some patients, who need to maintain continuity of care and adapt their follow-up to new clinical and personal needs. Cooperation among professionals, administrations, and patient organizations is fundamental to avoid interruptions in care.

Perales has thanked the involvement of the participating entities and has argued that these alliances must continue to be strengthened in order to offer more coordinated responses.

In addition, she has placed families at the center of the association’s objectives and has recalled that, behind every research process and every administrative decision, there are people waiting for answers.

“For them time is not a figure, they are guides, family projects and shared moments”, Perales has stated, in reference to those who live with the uncertainty of a diagnosis, seek appropriate care or wait for a therapeutic alternative.

The head of Aelmhu has insisted that the commitment of companies must translate into concrete progress for these patients and their families. The association aspires to contribute to Spain consolidating itself as a benchmark in research and innovation in rare diseases, through an environment that favors the development of new treatments and their arrival to those who need them.

“You are not alone. We will continue by your side transforming hope together into life opportunities”, Perales concluded.

Pending challenges

For her part, Raquel Yotti, commissioner of the PERTE for Frontier Health of the Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities, has focused on the pending challenges of rare diseases, which range from the generation of scientific knowledge to the transformation of care models and greater social awareness.

“There are diseases like rare diseases that remind us of all the road we have traveled, but that, above all, remind us of all the road that remains to be traveled,” she noted. Yotti has defended the need to review care formulas that have been maintained for years in order to advance toward more precise and personalized care, supported by new technologies.

In the scientific field, she has called for maintaining research efforts in the long term and strengthening the capacity to generate knowledge about pathologies that still pose numerous unknowns. “We need more research, rigorous research and, above all, research sustained over time”, she affirmed.

The ministerial official has also underlined the importance of transferring scientific advances to society through accessible communication, capable of reaching patients and their families and of helping rare diseases occupy a priority place on the public agenda.

Yotti also highlighted the role of the different profiles that contribute to improving the lives of people with these pathologies, from researchers and health professionals to those who make them visible through communication and those who build networks of collaboration to reduce territorial inequalities. In this sense, she defended the responsibility of institutions to turn advances into lasting changes: the care received, she maintained, “should not depend on the place where each patient lives, but on the system’s capacity to offer an equitable response”.

Understanding responsibilities better

Belén Pérez, president of the Asociación Española de Genética Humana and spokesperson for the jury, has highlighted the value of the projects presented to approach realities that do not always receive sufficient attention. The initiatives of patient associations, she pointed out, make it possible to better understand their needs and the difficulties they face while they wait for a diagnosis, a treatment, or adequate care. She also wanted to convey a message of support to the candidates who were not awarded, stressing that the absence of recognition does not diminish the value of their work or the impact it has on the people they help.

“Behind every project there is someone waiting for a diagnosis, a treatment option, closer care, or a hand to help them move forward,” Pérez stated. On behalf of the jury, she congratulated the winners and encouraged all associations to continue with their initiatives, in the hope that these recognitions will help give them greater visibility, facilitate new support, and expand their reach. The president concluded by thanking the participants for their commitment and recalling that, beyond the awards, the essential thing is to accompany patients and their families.

Shared commitment

The institutional closing of the ceremony was handled by César Hernández, general director of the Common Portfolio of Services of the National Health System and Pharmacy of the Ministry of Health, who highlighted that the funding of orphan drugs and the care of rare diseases “is a social commitment that goes far beyond the availability of a medicine. It is about generating an entire structure that serves people, families, and caregivers of people with rare diseases”.

In addition, he has appealed to the shared commitment of all the agents involved in addressing these pathologies and to the importance of working from a comprehensive perspective: “We all have to be together, committed to ensuring that no one is left behind, that everyone has solutions, wherever they come from. We must feel proud to feel part of a society that leaves no one behind,” he concluded.

More key points, information and questions with FREN

AI-GENERATED CONTENT

What is the parliamentary process required to modify the regulatory framework for orphan drugs in Spain?

To modify the Spanish rules on orphan drugs established in a law, the ordinary route is a legal reform processed in the Congress and the Senate. Not all changes require this path: some correspond to the Government through regulatory norms, while the European designation and its incentives cannot be unilaterally modified from Spain.

1. Determine which norm must be changed

The framework combines three levels, which define the necessary procedure:

  • European: Regulation 141/2000 regulates the designation and incentives of orphan drugs; Regulation 847/2000 develops its criteria. Changing these elements requires acting at the European level.
  • Spanish legal: the consolidated text approved by Legislative Royal Decree 1/2015 contains the national bases on medicines, financing, and prices. Although called a legislative royal decree, it has the rank of law.
  • Regulatory: norms such as Royal Decree 1345/2007 specify procedures and technical requirements. Its modification does not require approving a new law if it respects the existing legal coverage.

2. Initiate the legal reform

Pharmaceutical regulation is normally modified through an ordinary law; affecting health does not by itself make the reform organic.

If promoted by the Government, the Ministry of Health prepares a preliminary draft with justification, impact assessment, participation, and corresponding reports. Then, the Council of Ministers approves the project and sends it to Congress. A bill can also be promoted from the chambers or other legitimized subjects.

Congress proposals require a consideration: the Plenary decides whether to start processing it. Government projects do not go through this initial vote.

3. Process the text in Congress

According to the Congress Regulations, the process includes:

  • Publication and amendments: the Board orders the publication of the project, sends it to the competent committee, and opens an initial period of fifteen working days to submit changes, which can be extended.
  • Overall debate, when applicable: groups may request to return the project to the Government or replace it with an alternative text.
  • Working group and committee: the working group studies the text and amendments; then, the committee debates and approves a report. It may request advice from specialists.
  • Approval: corresponds to the Plenary or, when full legislative competence exists, to the committee. For an ordinary law, a simple majority generally applies.

Amendments affecting credits or budget revenues may require government approval, which is relevant for pharmaceutical financing proposals.

4. Senate, final approval, and application

The Senate may approve the text, introduce amendments, or veto it. Congress decides on the amendments by simple majority and can override the veto by absolute majority or, after two months, by simple majority. Then come sanction, promulgation, publication in the BOE, and entry into force.

5. When can the Government act without reforming the law

Article 3.3 enables the Government to adopt special supply measures and, for orphan drugs, measures related to their "economic and fiscal regime." This authorization supported the March 2020 agreement.

However, a regulation cannot contradict the law: article 98.3.b currently excludes orphans from reference sets, following Law 7/2025, effective from July 30, 2025. Altering this rule requires legal rank. Exceptionally, a royal decree-law may be issued for extraordinary and urgent necessity, subject to parliamentary validation within thirty days.

What are the competencies and functions of the president of Aelmhu within the Spanish healthcare sector?

The president of AELMHU, Beatriz Perales, performs functions of associative leadership, institutional representation, and defense of the common interests of laboratories specialized in rare diseases. She is not a health authority: she does not authorize medicines, set their prices, nor decide their public financing. She has presided over the association since 2024 and has been re-elected for the 2026-2028 term, according to the AELMHU communication.

Direction and governance of the association

AELMHU is the Spanish Association of Laboratories of Orphan and Ultra-Orphan Medicines, a non-profit entity that brings together 29 pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies. Its scope is treatments aimed at rare and ultra-rare diseases.

Perales leads the Board of Directors, responsible for the administration and representation of the entity, within the framework of the General Assembly, its supreme governing body. Therefore, her leadership is exercised in a collegiate structure, not as an independent authority from the associated companies. This is described by the AELMHU organization.

It is advisable to distinguish these accredited responsibilities from specific statutory powers: the consulted sources do not exhaustively detail her personal faculties to convene meetings, authorize expenses, or delegate signatures.

Representation before the healthcare system

Her main external function is to act as a sectoral interlocutor before health administrations, political institutions, scientific societies, professional organizations, and patient associations. She represents the collective interests of the associated laboratories, not the entire National Health System nor patient organizations.

The renewal of the Board of Directors expressly establishes as an objective to strengthen these relationships to promote research and improve evaluation, financing, and access to innovative treatments. This orientation appears in the information from Demócrata about her re-election.

Defense of pharmaceutical policy proposals

As president, she channels and communicates the association's proposals to reduce barriers to the arrival of new treatments. Among the priorities published by AELMHU are:

  • Early access: allow provisional or conditional financing for patients without adequate therapeutic alternatives.
  • Adapted evaluation: take into account the particularities of diseases with few patients, evidence obtained in clinical practice, and the social value of treatments.
  • Flexible financing: promote agreements linked to results and mechanisms that allow managing uncertainty.
  • Territorial equity: favor more homogeneous access to medicines throughout Spain.

These are proposals of influence and dialogue, not binding decisions, as reflected in the October 2026 priority decalogue.

Collaboration, training, and dissemination

She also represents AELMHU in alliances with other agents. In February 2026, she participated in renewing collaboration with FEDER, aimed at improving the health and care of people with rare diseases. In October, AELMHU and the Patient Organizations Platform agreed to collaborate on access to innovation, knowledge exchange, and patient participation, according to Demócrata.

A documented personal action is the signing, in February 2025, of the agreement with the General Council of Pharmaceutical Colleges to improve professional knowledge about orphan medicines. Her role thus includes promoting training and awareness, in addition to publicly representing the association's priorities, as shown by that collaboration agreement.

In summary, her capacity consists of representing, coordinating, proposing, and collaborating. She can contribute to the health debate and convey sectoral needs, but does not replace the decisions of the competent authorities.

What legal requirements must be met for a medicine to obtain orphan designation in Spain?

In Spain, the designation of orphan medicine is European: it is not granted through a national category with different requirements. To obtain it, the sponsor must prove the severity of the disease and its low frequency or the insufficient profitability of the medicine, as well as justify the absence of satisfactory alternatives or a considerable benefit over them.

1. Applicable legal framework

The central requirements are set out in Articles 3 and 5 of Regulation (EC) 141/2000, directly applicable in Spain. Regulation (EC) 847/2000 develops the documentation necessary to demonstrate compliance. Spanish legislation refers to this European regime: Article 3.3 of Legislative Royal Decree 1/2015 contemplates economic and fiscal measures for these medicines but does not establish another designation route.

2. Material requirements: two cumulative blocks

The medicine must be intended for the diagnosis, prevention, or treatment of a condition and meet, first, one of these two alternative paths:

  • Severity and low prevalence. The condition must be life-threatening or cause chronic disability, and affect no more than five persons per 10,000 in the European Union at the time of application. The calculation is not limited to Spain and the threshold includes exactly five cases.
  • Severity and insufficient profitability. Designation is also possible when the condition is life-threatening, causes severe disability, or is severe and chronic, if it is unlikely that, without incentives, marketing in the Union will generate sufficient profits to justify the investment. This path allows access without meeting the previous threshold.

Additionally, in either path a second requirement must be proven: there is no satisfactory authorized method in the Union to diagnose, prevent, or treat the condition or, if there is, the medicine will provide a considerable benefit to patients. Therefore, neither rarity nor lack of profitability alone suffice.

3. What the dossier must demonstrate

The sponsor, who must be a natural or legal person established in the Union, must identify the medicine, its active substances, the proposed indication, and its development status, and justify the above criteria.

The prevalence path requires epidemiological documentation and scientific references on severity. If insufficient profitability is invoked, costs of development, aid received, production and marketing expenses, and expected income during the ten years following authorization must be justified, with certification from an auditor registered in the Union. If alternatives exist, the claimed advantage must be scientifically substantiated: product novelty alone is not enough.

4. Competent authority and procedure

The application is submitted to the European Medicines Agency (EMA), at any development phase but before requesting marketing authorization. Its Committee for Orphan Medicinal Products evaluates the dossier and must issue an opinion within 90 days following a valid application. The European Commission adopts the decision, usually within 30 days after the final opinion. The AEMPS does not grant an independent Spanish designation.

5. What obtaining it implies

The designation does not authorize marketing nor replace the evaluation of quality, safety, and efficacy; it also does not automatically grant public financing. The sponsor must submit annual development reports. Before authorizing marketing, it is verified that the criteria continue to be met: if they cease to be met, the designation is canceled.

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